Synthesis of activated carbon based on palm shells with ZnCl2 activator and FeCl3 doping

Abstract

Biomass-based activated carbon is a sustainable material with strong potential for adsorption and energy storage applications. This study aims to evaluate the physical characteristics of activated carbon derived from oil palm shell biomass, synthesized through preparation stages, chemical activation using ZnCl₂ with FeCl₃ doping (0.1 M), and carbonization at high temperatures under an inert atmosphere. Characterization was conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results indicate the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups (-OH, C=O, C–O) as well as Fe–O bonds, and a turbostratic amorphous carbon structure. Therefore, the produced activated carbon exhibits favorable characteristics as a functional carbon material and shows strong potential for further applications.